Details of an Energy Audit

Contentss page Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1 Brief foundation on energy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.1.1 The distinction between a kW and a watt†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1.1.1 How much vitality do you eat up in a month, twelvemonth, consequently how make you figure these values†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1.1.2 Schedule a long time of the twelvemonth you devour a cluster electricity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Machines that devour a cluster of power in your household†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Proposals on how you could chop down your power bill†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 The amount you could rescue per month†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Detriments of cut bringing down your vitality bill†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2-3 Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Deliberation Today in South Africa we are holding blackouts in our capacity gracefully of which is an occupation that is brought about by heading, most extreme conditions, the nearness of barely any characteristic stuffs and works disappointment. The aim of my exploration is to make a vitality review for my place and thus use it to measure around the figure of different families aside from me that are rehearsing a similar way of life as mine so as to locate the entire outcome it can hold countrywide I will use every one of my discoveries furthering my potential benefit which incorporates, to a great extent of import to use vitality all the more speedily, forestall doing all in or all out conclusions refering vitality use what's more to try to design or potentially oversee vitality workss all the more prudently. Henceforth I can in any case use my results to occur out the inclinations and types of vitality use additional time. My discoveries are as per the following, we have top and off-top period s of vitality use, furthermore we have sensibly sufficient contrast in our measure proclamations. Vitality reviews are non utile at all cost except if you will execute all the proposals expressed on the examination. Presentation Last twelvemonth in South Africa we began to see a deficiency flexibly again like 2008, of power from ESKOM which brought about weight sloughing and reduction as control measures to this issue. My theory for this examination is as per the following, there is an expansion or reduction of vitality ingestion in my place during top and off-top seasons. All the discoveries that I will deliver will be mirroring my home’s vitality ingestion. At the point when I did this investigation I had somewhere in the range of barely any finishes in head that I needed to achieve, first I need to actualize down to earth strategies which are extremely adequate in rescuing vitality, also I need to do an awareness of what are the conceivable in the future occasions that we can see as an outcome of enduring shot or-miss conclusions sing vitality, subsequently I need them to do consider moves at whatever point they use power and my last reason for existing is to change over my folks to execute each pi ece numerous as conceivable of my suggestions with regards to control rescuing, from what I have I can express that my vitality study will help me and my family unit to achieve this activity we are by and by defying at the moment. Technique In this development I will demo all my general logical procedure I used to get my outcomes sensibly. First I gathered all the snippets of data that I will require to do my endeavor a world, this includes:Energy measures, and general data about my place for example which gadgets do we use and to what extent do we use themBRIEF BACKGROUND ON ENERGY 1.1.1The contrast between a kW and a W A kW and a W the two of them measure a similar measure for example power ( the rate at which work is done ) , the solitary distinction is that a W is 1*10-3a kW, and the unit of estimating of kW.h is the work done ( for example the vitality ) the product of intensity and the clasp taken T. 1.1.2 How much vitality do you eat up in a month, twelvemonth, how would you figure these Numberss? I will assume that a month has 30 yearss for calculation purposes, consequently I will use table 1 on page 5 for all the applicable qualities required in the calculations: Tocopherol ( kWh/day ) =P ( kilowatt ) *t ( h/day ) ?1000 ( w/kW ) and for the cost I will use this articulation Cost ( pennies/day ) =E ( kWh/day ) *Cost ( pennies/kWh ) ?100 ( pennies/R ) . Our duty charge in Nkomazi district is R1.3531 per kWh unit. Vitality In a month=E*30 yearss and in a twelvemonth is E*365 for a single contraption. Schedule a long time of the twelvemonth where power is devoured the most June-August is viewed as the clasp of the twelvemonth were the is a truly elevated interest of power on account of the harsh conditions that are outside, individuals will in general arraign themselves into indoor exercises or sit in front of the Television for the entire twenty-four hours, what's more because the very pinnacle of conditions individuals utilize a group of warming contraptions to keep up themselves warm during winter Devicess that expend a clump of power in my familyall the gadgets that are featured in yellow in table 1.i utilized the articulation expressed underneath to figure this. Suggestions on how you could chop down your vitality measureHeat the H2O with a heater rather than a pot, wash your dishes using your guardianships forestall using the lavation machine, ne'er leave your Fe unattended, buy another hypothetical record fridge since it spares more vitality. Guarantee that you unplug the microwave since it utilizes vitality to keep up the clock appear on. I propose that you keep using your roof fan than buying the forced air system. Sum you can rescue p/m in the event that you actualize the above recommendationsthe entirety you can rescue is demonstrated on the supplement page,I expected that you decline the clasp use by 5 % with the exception of the fridge. Detriments of utilizing my suggestions expressed underneath You will plug up non wrapping your endeavors up to the maximal degree a decent representation is while using a processing machine. Again when you cut the clasp for the obvious radiation bulbs at last you will be uninformed. Besides in the event that you need to cut the clasp for the fridge you will plug up holding ruined supplement material. Choice From this vitality review obviously in the event that you will use a contraption for a long clasp it will eat up a cluster of vitality, along these lines despite the fact that a contraption have a lower power assessment yet on the off chance that you will use it for a long clasp it will eat up a bunch of vitality. Sing the issue of cut bringing down the power measure for certain contraptions I don’t consider it to be a decent idea since you may plug up non working up to the pinnacle level of your endeavors. MentionsRichard, M. Felder,Ronald, W. Rousseau.2005.Elementary rules of substance procedure.3rdEdition. US of America:John Wiley and A ; Sons, Inc. Lynne C. Capehart,Barney L. Capehart.Writing easy to use Energy reviews examines. College of Florida vitality examination and analytic. Branch of Industrial and Systems innovation. Deon Conradie. 2014/15.Duty& A ;Charges booklet. South Africa. The Eskom Company. Vocalist, Brett C. , Jennifer L. Coughlin, and Paul Mathew,Summary of Information and Resources Related to Energy Use in Hospitals-Version 1.0,Report # LBNL-2744, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, October 2009, pp 53. , hypertext move convention:/hightech.lbl.gov/records/human services/lbnl-2744e.pdf Experts in Business Information,Energy-Efficient Home Renovations Market, Full Report,December 2009, 248 pp. , hypertext move convention:/www.sbireports.com/Energy-Efficient-Home-2287648/. Gotten to April 2015. Sanchez, Marla, Carrie Webber, Richard Brown, John Busch, Margaret Pinckard, and Judy Roberson,Space Heaters, Computers, Cell telephone Chargers: How connected Are Commercial Buildings? Report # LBNL-62397, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, February 2007, 15 pp. , hypertext move convention:/enduse.lbl.gov/information/LBNL-62397.pdf. Rogers, David, â€Å"Data Centers: Cost and Energy Savings† ( Presentation at the Program Meeting, Long Beach, California, 2008 ) , http:/www.cee1.org/cee/mtg/01-08ppt/thursday/23RogersBCHydroaData % 20Centers01172008.pdf Ostendorp, Peter, Suzanne Foster, and Chris Calwell,Televisions: Mode Energy Use and Opportunities for Energy Savings,NRDC Issue Paper, Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington D.C. , March 2005, hypertext move convention:/www.nrdc.org/air/vitality/energyeff/tv.pdf American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy,Emerging engineerings study: In-Home vitality utilization shows.Washington, D.C. , July, 2007, hypertext move convention:/www.aceee.org/emertech/2006_EnergyDisplays.pdf Reference section Table 1: Appliances that utilizes electricityAppliancekilowatthrs./dayE/dayE/monthE/yearDishwasher1.200.7500.90027.0329Microwave1.400.4200.58817.6214Refrigerator0.35012

Philosophy and Literature- Macbeth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Theory and Literature-Macbeth - Essay Example Evenings Dream one finds that the plays unalterably spin around the human failings of the focal characters with the hero at last surrendering to the destined finish of a disastrous passing. All the Shakespeare’s plays are quick paced and activity pressed human dramatization exhibiting a succession of occasions including people with unmistakable characteristics which supplement and yet conflict with one another. This intrinsic between play of passionate disturbance performs the occasions and much of the time shroud the genuine connotations of the philosophical belief systems of the creator. McGuinn, in his book1 looks at the different parts of Shakespeare’s plays which administer the underlined standards of human life flooding with misfortune and wretchedness. We would be extraordinarily taking a gander at Macbeth for the component of misfortune which follows the hero tirelessly till the end and along these lines talking about the Shakespearean way of thinking of human wretchedness and catastrophe that perpetually prompts demise. The idea of misfortune suggests that without this specific component, life would have been exceptional which obviously represents a reality perceived and regularly dreaded by all. Adversity can come to pass for anybody however the manner in which one responds and defeats them turns into the integral factor for an upbeat or hopeless eventual fate of the individual. It is similarly evident that misfortune draws out the concealed qualities and stifled wants of the individuals which are regularly denied in light of the fact that they may prompt tragic final products. Shakespeare’s comprehension of human instinct is shown in his plays which appear to have an uncanny interest for making circumstances that uncover these characteristics of the people bringing about absolute hopelessness and catastrophe. Macbeth is a high voltage show including an eager legend in a plot that is loaded with interest, murders, double-crossing and vengeance bringing about viciousness and shocking demise of the saint. The nearness of powerful components as witches and phantom include that additional element of Machiavellian rush

Understanding Erotophobia or the Fear of Sex

Understanding Erotophobia or the Fear of Sex Phobias Types Print Understanding Erotophobia or the Fear of Sex By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on October 26, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 26, 2019 Cultura RM Exclusive/Sofie Delauw/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Erotophobia is a generalized term that encompasses a wide range of specific fears. Its generally understood to include any phobia that is related to sex. Erotophobia is often complex, and many sufferers have more than one specific fear. Untreated erotophobia can be devastating and may lead sufferers to avoid not only romantic relationships  but also other forms of intimate contact. Specific Phobias Like any phobia, erotophobia varies dramatically in both symptoms and severity. It is a very personalized fear, and no two sufferers are likely to experience it in the same way. You may recognize some of your own fears in this list. Genophobia: Also known as coitophobia, this is the fear of sexual intercourse. Many people with genophobia are able to begin romantic relationships, and may quite enjoy activities such as kissing and cuddling but are afraid to move into a more physical display of affection.Fear of Intimacy: The fear of intimacy is often, though not always, rooted in a fear of abandonment or its twin, the fear of engulfment.?? Those who fear intimacy are not necessarily afraid of the sex act itself but are afraid of the emotional closeness that it may bring.Paraphobia: The fear of sexual perversion is itself a complicated phobia. Some people are afraid that they might be perverted themselves, while others fear the perversions of others. Some people with paraphobia are able to enjoy traditional sexual relationships that fit well within their personal moral code, while others are afraid that any form of intimacy might be perverted.Haphephobia: Also known as chiraptophobia, the fear of being touched ofte n affects all relationships, not just those of a romantic nature. Some people recoil from even passing contact by a relative, while others are afraid only of more protracted touching.Gymnophobia: The fear of nudity is often complex. Some people are afraid of being naked, others of people being naked around them. This fear may signal body image issues or feelings of inadequacy, although it may also occur alone.Fear of Vulnerability: Like the fear of intimacy, the fear of vulnerability is often tied to a fear of abandonment or fear of engulfment. Many people are afraid that if they are totally themselves, others will not like them. Fear of vulnerability may affect numerous relationships, both sexual and non-sexual.Philemaphobia: Also known as philematophobia, the fear of kissing may have many causes. It is often tied to physical concerns, such as a concern over bad breath or even germ phobia. Causes As a highly personalized fear, erotophobia may have innumerable causes. In some cases, it may be difficult or impossible to pinpoint a specific cause. Nonetheless, some people may be at a higher risk due to past or current events in their lives. Sexual Abuse: Although not everyone with erotophobia has been raped or sexually abused, those who have been traumatized are at increased risk for developing some form of erotophobia.??Other Trauma: People who have been through major traumas have a higher risk of developing anxiety disorders including phobias. If the trauma was physical, you may be more likely to develop a touch-related erotophobia, while those who have been through psychological or emotional abuse may be more likely to develop intimacy or vulnerability-related fears.??Personal, Cultural, and Religious Mores: Although many religions and societies frown on sexual intercourse except for procreation, following these restrictions does not constitute a phobia. However, many people experience difficulty when trying to balance past and current beliefs. If you have moved away from a restrictive background  but are afraid to change past patterns of thought and action, you may at be  at risk for developing a phobia.Performance Anxiety: Sometimes, it isnt actually sex that we fear at all. Instead, we may worry about our own ability to please a partner. Performance anxiety is particularly common in those who are young or inexperienced  but may occur in all ages and levels of experience.Physical Concerns: Some people worry that sex will hurt. Some wonder if they will be able to perform due to a physiological condition. Fears that have a legitimate medical basis are not considered phobias.?? However, some people experience fears that are far out of proportion to the reality of the situation. If your fear is inappropriate to the current risks, you might have a phobia. Treatment Because erotophobia is so complex, professional treatment is generally required. Sex therapists are licensed mental health professionals who have completed additional training and certification, and many people feel that they are the best choice for treating sexual concerns. However, it is not generally necessary to seek a sex therapist, as most mental health professionals are capable of managing erotophobia. Erotophobia generally responds well to treatment, although complex erotophobia may take time and effort to resolve. Depending on your therapists style and school of thought, you may need to face difficult and painful memories in order to heal and move forward. Because the nature of the fear is so personal, it is critical that you find a therapist with whom you truly feel comfortable. Your therapist may also use a technique called cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to address sexual difficulties.?? Although beating erotophobia is never easy, most people find that the rewards are worth the effort. Be patient with yourself, and honest with your therapist. Over time, your fears will lessen and you can learn to enjoy your personal range of sexual expression.

Physics and Nature of Sound - 531 Words

Locate a noise source in an environment with which you are familiar or research a situation in which you are not working around noise. Recommend at least one specific method to reduce the noise level using each of the following: engineering, administrative, or work practice controls. How would you take advantage of the wave-like nature of sound in designing a control method? Right now as I am doing this assignment, I hear a variety of noises but loudest of all is this lawnmower operated by my neighbor who somewhat deaf himself seems to be unaware of its high decibel sound level. The wave-like nature of sound states the following: Sound travels through waves; it cannot travel in a vacuum. Sound is really a variation in its pressure on those waves. A region of increased pressure is compression or noise; a region of decreased pressure on a sound wave is dilation. The waves have different characteristics. These are: Amplitude, frequency (and period), wavelength, speed, and phase (The physics hypertextbook). Amplitude represents intensity, loudness, or volume and this is the quality that I wish to diminish/ work on. The larger the amplitude, the greater the intensity of the sound wave, and the louder the sound. I may be able to use that to design some methods that can temper my neighbors loud machine. Firstly, the larger the amplitude, the greater the intensity of the sound wav and the louder the sound, so I need to diminish the amplitude. To know the amplitude of theShow MoreRelatedThe Coronet Instructional Film That I Would Be Analyzing Is The Short Film, Nature Of Sound1404 Words   |  6 PagesThe coronet instructional film that I would be analyzing is the short film, Nature of Sound (1948). An informative short film that describes the behavior of sound with visuals, difficult concepts, and experiments. 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Adoptees Began The Adoption Reform - 979 Words

In the 1960s, adoptees began The Adoption Reform Movement to make sealed adoption records accessible. Before then, traditional or closed adoptions were thought to be the best option for everyone involved in the adoption triangle. This triad consists of the adoptee, adoptive parents, and biological parents. In a closed adoption, the adoptee is not allowed access to medical records and does not know their birth parents. Prior to the reform, people did not consider the ethical or moral problems that would arise from these kind of adoptions. The belief was that sealed records would protect everyone, but this is not the case. As adoptees grew into adults, the demand for more information on their birth parents increased. This led to the debate of whether or not adoptees were entitled to know the identity of their biological parents. The opposition from birth mothers appeared almost immediately after the reform set about. These mothers were not ready to give up their own rights to make the decision between open or closed adoption. Even though biological parents have the ability to choose, adoptees have the right to know their biological parents because of the search process being emotionally damaging, their need to access medical records, and their development as a child. Some people believe that it is the biological parents’ personal choice to stay hidden based on their situation. In defense of the birth mother and father, it is understandable that open adoption does not makeShow MoreRelatedIroquois Confederacy9092 Words   |  37 PagesNON-NATIVE AMERICANS The French had established a presence in Canada for over 50 years before they met the Iroquois. During that period, the Iroquois began to acquire European trade goods through raids on other Indian tribes. They found the metal axes, knives, hoes, and kettles far superior to their implements of stone, bone, shell, and wood. Woven cloth began to replace the animal skins usually used for clothing materials. The recurring raids prompted the French to help their Indian allies attack the

History of Retail Industry Free Essays

Module 7 Research Paper Table of Contents History of Retail Industry History of Retail Industry Retail history goes back all the way into the 1800s. Granted a retail business now compared to back in the 18th century is night and day. Retail in the 18th century was considered a general store only in populations over 5000 and would consist of items that were necessities. We will write a custom essay sample on History of Retail Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like today, you don’t have multiple retail stores to choose from like Wal-Mart, Target and Kmart. There was one store and that was all shoppers had to buy from. Department stores were gradually introduced which gave customers a chance to choose between brands and products at one location. From JC Penney founded in 1902, to Piggly Wiggly in 1916 who was the first to offer checkout lines and self service. In 1961, Target was founded with Wal-Mart in 1962 and Kohls right behind them in 1963. It wasn’t long and Best Buy, Kmart, TJ Maxx, Costco, and many more retail stores opened their doors to the industry of shopping. It didn’t take long for the retail industry to take off and attract consumers of all kinds with the convenience of shopping and with it ame an experience as well. From department stores to grocery stores they transformed their ways of selling to gives customers not only the products they want but the atmosphere that was appealing. With Wal-Mart opening its doors in 1962 it made the 1960s the revolution in the world of retail. Today, retail industry is booming, yes with the recession it hurt some of the smaller busine sses but for the most part they have stayed afloat. We did lose some big retail businesses in 2008 such as Linens N Things, Mervyns and Circuit City. Consumers are going to continue to spend regardless of the economic state of our country and especially with the online retailing that was introduced in the 1990s. Buying and spending money has been that The History of Retail | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 1956 Zayre department stores founded 1946 Zero foods founded 1951 Caldor stores founded 1961 Target stores founded 1963 Kohls founded 1962 Wal-Mart stores founded as well as Best Buy 1977 TJ Maxx founded 990 Walmart becomes worlds largest retailer 1995 Amazon. com launched 1974 First use of bar code 1983 Costco Wholesale formed 1999 Kmart celebrates 100th anniversary 2002 Walmart introduces dollar store sections 2008 Linens and THings , Mervyns, Tweeter, and Circuit City files for bankruptcy 2007 CompUSA announces clsoing 2009 Microsoft announces open 1st retail store 1951 Caldor stores founded 1902 JC Penney founded 1915 The Upham’s Corner Market Co founded 1916 Piggly Wiggly grocery store chain founded 1934 Service Merchandise founded 1929 Kresge Company founded |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |    |   |   |   |   |   |   | 1910| 1920| 1930| 1940| 1950| 1960| 1965| 1970| 1980| 1990| 2000| 2010|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | much easier with the click of a button on your computer, iPhone, or even your tablet. Consumers can be at home, at work, or even in their car and make a purchase with the ease of the fast moving technological innovations that has touched each aspect of the retail value chain. Retail industry has built such a successful business by offering consumers a value-based experience along with convenience and the biggest of all, choice. Corporate Stakeholders The term stakeholder is a person or group that affects and organization’s decisions, policies, and operations. With this being said, the retail industry needs to make stakeholders understand the role in the industry to help protect and improve their reputation as well as build the confidence in consumers. Corporate stakeholders have to be more than a moral responsibility to the company. They need to be a part of much more from how much consumers spend to supporting key policy issues and in the end will change the shareholder value. Social, Economic, and Political Setting The retail industry does a lot for the social and economic setting. Wal-Mart alone does a great deal for the communities where their stores are located. Not only do they provide jobs for around 1. 5 million people, they also have competitive pricing to help local economies. Their competitive pricing brings in more than 312 billion dollars. So not only is Wal-Mart a thriving company they believe in a family work culture as well as supporting their local communities. Many retail stores leave a big footprint in their communities and worldwide. They rally around charities and do their part to put a stamp on the map. On the other hand, most in the retail industry try to keep business and politics separate which seems to be the safest position to take. Some retail businesses like Wal-Mart and Coca Cola are open to their affiliation with the Republican Party and seems to help their image with the traditional consumers but most do not want to take a chance of offending their customer base. Domestic and International Ethics Starbucks who opened their doors in 1971 to forty-one year later they have become a global company with more than 19,000 stores in 60 different countries. They have made the Ethicsphere Institute’s World most Ethical Company List for six straight years. They introduced the Ethical Coffee sourcing program in 2001 to help farms in Central and South America improve their crops while remaining environmentally aware. They helped local nurseries plant over 200,000 seedlings to restore natural forest cover as well as decreasing the use of herbicides and chemical fertilizers with farmers. They also helped train farmers to help reduce the use of carbon by replacing more than 200,000 trees. Ecological and Natural Resources The retail industry has regulations made by the Environmental Protection Agency that they have to comply by to meet regulatory obligations as well as helping reduce environmental impacts such as waste management, product selection and construction of new facilities. Retail businesses may have state regulations to comply by as well as Federal regulations. Many in the retail industry are taking great strides to help impact the environment. There are four areas that highly impact the environment. One is the choice of raw materials for clothing has big impacts on the environment. Cotton is known for its rigorous use of water and pesticides and the so called natural dyes that rely on the harvest of millions of insects to reach the â€Å"natural†color. The second is manufacturing. Textile dyeing and finishing mills can be high producers of water pollution and carbon dioxide emissions and by improving their mills to reduce water, energy and chemical use can really reduce the footprint of their global supply chain. The third is transportation which unfortunately manufacturers and retailers are on other ends of the globe which any mode of transportation sends some sort of pollution into the environment. The last impact is consumer care which many consumers may not even be aware of how a few simple steps can help reduce environmental impacts tremendously. One is washing in cold water and air drying if possible. Dry cleaning is another risk to the environment due to the chemical that is used to clean the clothes called perchloroethylene which has been known to cause many health effects with exposure to this in high levels. So it is not just the retail businesses that can help make changes to better our environment it also falls on the shoulders of designers to use fabrics that don’t require dry cleaning and to the consumers that purchase to make choices that help the environment. Clean by Design launched their program in 2009 to help reduce the environmental impacts by using buying power of multinational corporations by improving processes in the environment to reducing emissions and waste. It is astonishing to see by 2011 that Target, Wal-Mart, Gap, Levis, H;M, Nike and Li ; Fung are all participating in this program and hopefully they corporations will continue to get in board and the list will continue to grow. Social Issues In today’s lively and unstable business world of retail industry they are always faced with social issues such as customer choices, brutal competitors, complex global economy and the use of the internet. Retailers are constantly trying to find new ways to make their business more profitable and ways to get more shoppers through their doors. Retail industry has caught on to engaging with society and the consumers on a personal level. They are adapting and changing to the environment around them and constantly developing new ways to serve their customers with trust and brand loyalty. Just like Timberland Company did in 2008 by making a â€Å"nutrition label† on their shoe box to show the environmental impact it has from beginning to delivery of the shoe. The company did this in hopes of giving consumers the information they need to make environmentally smart decisions on buying. Not only did Timberland Company do this they also comprised their shoe box that is made up of 100 percent recycled post-consumer waste fiber, no chemical glues and only soy-based inks to print labels. Timberland is just one of many retail stores that take a stand on social issues. Target is another big business in the business industry that comes to mind. From opening its doors in 1988, Target has always tried to be a step above in the industry with the competitive edge logos to their reputation for low prices and offering organic foods in their superstores. They always try to maintain their mission statement which reads, â€Å"to make Target your preferred shopping destination in all channels by delivering outstanding value, continuous innovation and exceptional guest experiences by consistently fulfilling our Expect More. Pay Less.  ® brand promise†. They not only cater to the consumers they are extremely involved with schools and the communities that surround them. They are partnered with St. Jude which is a huge plus for them and provide disaster relief and are always raising funds for our country’s children. Another company that has taking great strides to make their place in this economy just as their mission statement says to â€Å"Inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time. Rating of the industry’s overall social responsiveness I believe the retail industry for the most part is trying to take the right steps to make a difference in the economy and help insure the environment is first priority. Over the years we have seen so many big corporations leave footprints in the global economy as well as making the appropriate changes to better the community and environment we live in. References Retail. (2010). Retrieved from http://www. ceres. org/roadmap-assessment/sector-analyses/retail Wal-Mart. (2012, December 9). History timeline. Retrieved from http://corporate. walmart. com/our-story/heritage/history-timeline https://corporate. target. com/about/history/Target-through-the-years (2012, March). In Starbucks Ethical Coffee Sourcing and Farmer Report. Retrieved November 8, 2012, from http://assets. starbucks. com/assets/6e52b26a7602471dbff32c9e66e685e3. pdf Clean by design. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. nrdc. org/international/cleanbydesign The evolution of retailing. (2009, 12). Retrieved from http://www. kpmg. com/CN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/Evolution-retailing-o-200912. pdf Ken, A. (2012, March 31). Wal-mart company. How to cite History of Retail Industry, Essay examples

Wife Of Bath By Chaucer And Feminism Essays - The Canterbury Tales

Wife Of Bath By Chaucer And Feminism In the medieval period when women were viewed as property, held to sexual double standards and considered to be little more than heir-makers, Chaucer wrote a rather biting piece that draws attention to the inequalities in standards for men and women that were supported by society. This might seem ironic coming from a man in this period, but it is not so ironic when one looks at the Canturbury Tales and acknowledges it as a fine work of satire. Chaucer attacks other long-standing traditions such as corruption in the church (the tales of the Monk, the Friar and the Pardoner). His critical look at the standards for women especially enforced by the church add humor to the tale of the Wife of Bath in the process of making a poignant political statement. Chucer prepares the reader for the tale with his brief description of the wife in the Prologue. Here she is a skilled cloth-maker and devoted Christian pilgrim who has made three trips to Jerusalem asa well as several other shrines in different countries. The irony comes in when Chaucer adds that she is a gap-toothed woman (a traditional sign of a lecherous nature)in scarlett red leggings, who has been married five times and, "of remedies of love she knew parchance" (Chaucer 92). This picture does not coincide with the image of a hard working, devoted Christian woman according to the doctrine of the church. Chaucer's physical description is important because it makes the Wife of Bath more credible. She reeks of experience.